Biosynthesis of Furfurylamines in Batch and Continuous Flow by Immobilized Amine Transaminases

Building blocks with amine functionality are crucial in the chemical industry. Biocatalytic syntheses and chemicals derived from renewable resources increasingly desired to achieve sustainable production of these amines. As a result, materials such as furfurals, especially furfurylamines like 5-(hydroxymethyl)furfurylamine (HMFA) 2,5-di(aminomethyl)furan (DAF), gaining increasing attention. In this study, we identified four different transaminases (ATAs) that catalyze reductive amination 5-(hydroxymethyl)furfural (HMF) 2,5-diformylfuran (DFF). We successfully immobilized ATAs on glutaraldehyde-functionalized beads using multiple binding by site-selective unique Cα-formylglycine within an aldehyde tag. All were efficiently reused five repetitive cycles HMF alanine co-substrate, while ATA Silicibacter pomeroyi (ATA-Spo) also exhibited high stability for reuse when isopropylamine was used donor. Additionally, ATA-Spo yielded conversion batch HMFA DAF (87% 87%, respectively) or (99% 98%, donors. further demonstrated effective continuous-flow catalysis up 12 days (48% 41%, respectively).